Toefl Test: Structure and Written Expression 1

Directions: Questions 1–15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.


Look at the following examples:

Example I

Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes _______ they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface.

A. due to

B. because

C. in spite of

D. regardless of
The sentence should read, "Geysers have often been compared to volcanoes because they both emit hot liquids from below the Earth's surface." Therefore, you should choose answer B.

Example II

During the early period of ocean navigation, ________ any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques.

A. so that hardly

B. where there hardly was

C. hardly was

D. there was hardly
The sentence should read, "During the early period of ocean navigation, there was hardly any need for sophisticated instruments and techniques." Therefore, you should choose answer D.

Now begin work on the questions.

1. The North Pole___________ a latitude of 90 degrees north.

A. it has

B. is having

C. which is having
D. has

2. The city of Beverly Hills is surrounded on ________ the city of Los Angeles.

A. its sides

B. the sides are

C. it is the side of
D. all sides by

3. ________ greyhound, can achieve speeds up to thirty-six miles per hour.

A. The

B. The fastest

C. The fastest dog
D. The fastest dog, the

4. Marmots spend their time foraging among meadow plants and flowers or ________ on rocky cliffs.

A. gets sun

B. sunning

C. the sun
D. sunny

5. The greenhouse effect occurs ________ heat radiated from the Sun.

A. when does the Earth’s atmosphere trap

B. does the Earth’s atmosphere trap

C. when the Earth’s atmosphere traps
D. the Earth’s atmosphere traps

6. The Rose Bowl, ________ place on New Year’s Day, is the oldest postseason collegiate football game in the United States.

A. takes

B. it takes

C. which takes
D. took

7. Experiments ________ represent a giant step into the medicine of the future.

A. using gene therapy

B. use gene therapy

C. they use
D. gene therapy uses

8. ________ off the Hawaiian coastline are living, others are dead.

A. While some types of coral reefs

B. Some types of coral reefs

C. There are many types of coral reefs
D. Coral reefs

9. Nimbostratus clouds are thick, dark gray clouds ________ forecast rain.

A. what

B. which

C. what they
D. which they

10. Some economists now suggest that home equity loans are merely a new trap to push consumers beyond ________.

A. they can afford

B. they can afford it

C. what is affordable
D. able to afford

11. People who reverse the letters of words ________ to read suffer from dyslexia.

A. when trying

B. if they tried

C. when tried
D. if he tries

12. Featured at the Henry Ford Museum ________ of antique cars dating from 1865.

A. is an exhibit

B. an exhibit

C. an exhibit is
D. which is an exhibit

13. Rubber ________ from vulcanized silicones with a high molecular weight is difficult to distinguish from natural rubber.

A. is produced

B. producing

C. that produces
D. produced

14. ________ appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is merely an optical illusion.

A. The Moon

B. That the Moon

C. When the Moon
D. The Moon which

15. According to the World Health Organization, ________ there to be an outbreak of any of the six most dangerous diseases, it could be cause for quarantine.

A. were

B. they were

C. there were
D. were they